organochlorine pesticides health effects

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) has been used widely as a broad spectrum insecticide in agriculture and for control of A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Organochlorine pesticides are man-made organic chemicals that have been used to control everything from fungus to grasshoppers. The trend shows that the more mothers are exposed to the pesticides during pregnancy, the higher the chances are for reduced birth weight and length of their … Health Effects Though there are many different kinds of pesticides, each with its own particular health impacts from a variety of chemicals, common health effects include skin irritations, respiratory and pulmonary problems, vision loss, damage to nervous and immune systems, birth defects, DNA damage, disruption of the … A mechanistic overview of health associated effects of low levels of organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides. The average … Additionally, this fact sheet discusses methods for reducing exposure to these contaminants, potential human health concerns, and resources for further information. Organochlorine pesticide (OCP) was first synthesized in 1884, however, its use became evident during the 2nd World war when it was used as an insecticide in controlling various vector borne diseases such as malaria and typhus [1]. Ecological risk assessment and long-term environmental pollution caused by obsolete undisposed organochlorine pesticides. The first part is dedicated to the "safer" pesticides … ... and also identifies important research needs for the health risk assessment of pre- and post-natal exposures to … Organochlorines (e.g. Some Veterans may experience health concerns from exposure to Pesticides after a deployment. Exposure to organochlorine pesticides has been linked to an increased incidence of the disease, although not all data have been consistent. From historical records, the earliest British government legislation, the Public Health Act, to protect human beings and regulate the use of pesticides by farmers in Kenya was enacted in 1921. Inst. Direct and indirect exposure to these compounds should be reduced so as to minimize the possible health hazards. Beard AP, Bartlewski PM, Rawlings NC. Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) Significant Health Effects According to the US EPA: “Acute and chronic exposure to these pesticides [chlordane, aldrin, dieldrin, and heptachlor] can cause numerous health effects and increase cancer risks . may ensue. The Snapper species assemblage is economically and environmentally important to all three countries bordering the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). After identification of the consequences, production of OCs and use was banned in many countries but their effects are still being seen many years later. ... values for total DDT were comparatively high. Biomarkers of organochlorine pesticides were measured in both venous and umbilical cord blood from 35 pregnant Hispanic women living in Brownsville, Texas, USA. Endosulfan (ES) is a widely used organochlorine pesticide and is speculated to be detrimental to human health. … Maize is consumed by over 95% of the Ghanaian populace and the practice of using atrazine, lindane and other organochlorine pesticides in its production has raised concerns about potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. Today, organophosphates make up about 50% of the killing agents in chemical pesticides. 1 At low concentrations, OCPs act as blockers of sex hormones, leading to changes in sexual development, abnormal sex ratios, and abnormal mating … Organochlorine pesticides in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) with and without fibropapillomatosis caught at three feeding areas off Brazil - Volume 97 Issue 1 ... OCs can be found in high concentrations and have adverse health effects in long-lived species such as sea turtles (Aguirre & Lutz, Reference Aguirre and Lutz 2004). • May have effects on reproduction, such as decreased fertility. High concentrations of OCP residues were determined in environmental samples from African countries. Potential for human-health effects ... one or more pesticides exceeding a human-health benchmark 0 25 50 75 100 FIGURE 4 Comparison with benchmarks for aquatic life and wildlife ... were derived from organochlorine pesticides, such as DDT, chlordane, aldrin, and dieldrin, which have 2007 Sep;99(1):141-52. (Beyond Pesticides, January 28, 2021) Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)—including banned pesticides—present a health risk to the endangered Qinling Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis), the rarest subspecies of giant pandas, according to a new Chinese study published in Environmental Pollution. Toxicity of Pesticides and their Effects on Living Organisms. Organochlorine pesticides (OCs) are organic compounds that persist in the environment, bioaccumulate through the food chain, and pose a risk of causing Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. We note, however, a mass poisoning with hexachlorobenzene ( 46 ), and epidemics of seizures due to endrin-contaminated food ( 116 ). Maize is consumed by over 95% of the Ghanaian populace and the practice of using atrazine, lindane and other organochlorine pesticides in its production has raised concerns about potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Organochlorine (OC) pesticides have been used broadly in China's past, yet very little is known about their atmospheric concentrations and transport. … This book provides an overview on a large variety of pesticide-related topics, organized in three sections. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are persistent organic pollutants that could cause deleterious effects on human health. The 90 controls were diabetes-free during 20 years follow-up. Manifestations of disease were recorded in the mothers during pregnan … In addition, non-lethal effects such as immune system and reproductive damage of some of these pesticides may also be significant; and build up in the fatty tissues of humans, plants and animals. They are found in highest toxicity in fish. Effects of Residues of Organochlorine Pesticides on Reproductive Endocrinology in Pregnant Women at Delivery Guohong Liui, Kedi Yangi, Xipin Liu2, Qifa Qin3, Shihai Liui, Li Chen4 1. Although preliminary studies suggest that certain pollutants may act as endocrine disruptors in animals, little is known about their potential association with PCOS. In this work, air samples were collected in the Taihu Lake Region, China, from July 23 to August 11, 2002, to measure concentrations of OC pesticides in air. Organochlorines have a wide range of both acute and chronic health Changing your diet, then, is one of the best ways to avoid them. Thesis (MPhil) - University of Ghana, 2015. These samples were assayed for metabolites of estrogen and progesterone, and the women's menstrual cycle parameters were assessed. Breast milk represents a noninvasive specimen source to assess maternal and infant exposure to OCPs. Thesis (MPhil) - University of Ghana, 2015. Likewise, the category of organochlorine pesticides includes chemicals so harmful—such as DDT, chlordane, and lindane—that their use is banned in many countries. Although health effects associated with measured blood concentrations are uncertain, there is concern … Direct and indirect exposure to these compounds should be reduced so as to minimize the possible health hazards. Because pesticides are toxic, they are also potentially hazardous to humans, animals, other organisms, and the environment. Known Health Effects: Endocrine disrupter. CAPTION: Reproductive effects in Florida’s alligators are well documented. Organochlorine pesticides and hexochlorobenzene exposure were also found to be from fish. The general class of organochlorine pesticides has been associated with health effects, such as endocrine disorders (10, 52), effects on embryonic development , lipid metabolism , and hematological and hepatic alterations . Our study is the first prospective ultrasound study evaluating the effects of brominated flame retardants and organochlorine pesticides on incidence of uterine leiomyomata. to avoid the hazardous effects of synthetic pesticides on human health. Organochlorine pesticides are found in human body tissues (blood, adipose tissue and breast milk), where they slowly break down, build up in fatty tissues, and remain in human bodies for a long period of time (Padhi and Pati, 2016). The numbers showed that workers in Iowa and North Carolina exposed to certain organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides had significantly higher prostate cancer risk. Other pesticides with serious health impacts include glyphosate, methyl bromide, metadof, duron, and novaquat. On the other hand, the health defects attributed to chronic exposure to PAHs include deteriorating immune system, cataract, damage to internal organs, such as the kidney, lungs, and liver, resulting in jaundice. Chlorinated hydrocarbon (organochlorine) insecticides, solvents, and fumigants are widely used around the world. 2008; Botwe et al. However, because of its unacceptable therapeutic index, it is no longer being researched for potential therapeutic uses. Different pesticides result in a range of health symptoms. Organochlorine pesticides, their toxic effects on living organisms and their fate in the environment @article{Jayaraj2016OrganochlorinePT, title={Organochlorine pesticides, their toxic effects on living organisms and their fate in the environment}, author={R. Jayaraj and P. Megha and P. Sreedev}, journal={Interdisciplinary … Diet has been the main exposure source, but indoor source release is gaining focus. This study provides information on the current status of contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the tissues of endangered White-backed Vulture Gyps bengalensis in India. Health and Environmental Effects of Organochlorine Pesticides in Developing Countries. INTRODUCTION: Severe environmental pollution and health hazards may occur due to the widespread use of pesticides in public health and agriculture; these include cases of severe, sub- chronic and chronic human poisoning 1, 2.Pesticide hazards to man and environment are extended to developing as well as developed nations 3, 4.. Oxidative stress may be induced by pesticides… Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China Pesticides. sumption of a crop that has organochlorine residues may cause acute and chronic toxicities. Organochlorine pesticides Vegetable Dietary exposure Health risks Nigeria ABSTRACT Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are persistent pesticides whose usage have been banned or restricted worldwide and the presence of its residues in vegetables could affect its nutritional quality as well cause adverse health effects. 2.1 Persistent Organochlorine pollutants (POPs) POPs are chemical substances that may persist a long time in the environment and pose a high degree of toxicity for human health [35].They are lipophilic substances that can bioaccumulate in the food change, particularly in fatty tissues. Concentrations typically ranged from 0.1 to 10 ng/g of soil (dry weight), … OAJESS.MS.ID.000135. Tumorigenicity by organochlorine pesticides is seen to be an epigenetic mechanism in a DNA repair assay. Acute poisoning was seen in liver, kidney and testis of albino rat due to the toxic effect of dursban and DDT. Some organochlorine pesticides are very stable compounds and, the properties, manufacturing and use of these chemicals will also be given for further reading. In case of doses around 280mg/ kg people get acute toxicity such as nausea, vomiting, convulsions, fatigue, flu like symptoms whereas chronic exposures affect various organ systems such as liver, kidney, nerves and immunity resulting into cancers, neurologic symptoms, infertility, and other diseases. The chemical structure of organochlorines is diverse, but they all contain chlorine, which places them in a larger class of compounds called chlorinated hydrocarbons.Organochlorine pesticides are basically synthetic organic pesticides … May increase cancer risk. These compounds have received the most attention because of their persistence in the environment, their ability to concentrate up the food web, and their continuous detection in the food supply and drinking water ( Snedeker, 2001 ). Recently, the intestinal microbiota has emerged as a notable factor regulating pesticides' toxicity. Organochlorine pesticides and hexochlorobenzene exposure were also found to be from fish. In fact, the effects on human reproduction have been estimated for just one percent of the chemicals in commercial use in the United States. (2021). For example pesticides may be used in the prevention of malaria, which kills up to 1 million children per year, and for preventing other vector-borne diseases such as dengue, In addition, nonspecific neurologic symptoms such as • ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES (OCPs) Used for agriculture and public health purposes since 1950, though the uses of some have since been severely restricted or banned altogether because of their recognized toxicity to non-target species, including humans. Introduction Organochlorines are the compounds which contain a Possible ways to … Pesticides have numerous beneficial effects. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are widely distributed in the environment and may have adverse effects on the immune system. Also under investigation are the direct and multi-generational effects on the reproductive success, endocrine function, and sexual differentiation in the largemouth bass, and its association to CHC exposure. The present study was designed to analyze organochlorine pesticide residues in the blood samples of the residents of Karachi. Effects of Pesticides – Cancer. Many organochlorine pesticides and their metabolites are highly toxic and have been implicated in a wide range of adverse health effects such as cancer, neurological damage, reproductive system deformities, birth defect, and damage to the immune system (Ahlborg et al. However, some farmers use them illegally because of their potency. Introduction to Toxicity of Pesticides: The word pesticide literally means an agent used to kill an undesirable organism. J Toxicol Environ Health A, 56(1):23-46, 01 Jan 1999 Cited by: 9 articles | PMID: 9923752 and bioaccumulation throughout the food chain. J. Liesivuori. Given the Among organochlorine pesticides, adjusted ORs across concentrations of trans -nonachlor showed that P trend = 0.03. Classification of Pesticides 4. Most published studies evaluated the exposure to organochlorines individually, ignoring the potential effects … Some researchers from … Download PDF. Uses. Download Full PDF Package. Seizures 3. the discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT, which led to its subsequent use in pest control,w as hailed as a tremendous scientiffic achievement. Sometimes, some difficulty with breathing (i.e., asthma-like symptoms), redness and skin inflammation, etc. ) Organochlorine pesticides cause acute and chronic health effects, irritation of the skin and eyes, affecting nervous system, mimicking hormones causing reproductive problems, cancer, neurological effects, birth defects, fetal death and neurodevelopment disorders etc (Matial et al., 2003 Matial, C. K., Froslie, A., & … The AHS was a long-term study that tracked lifetime usage of pesticides among licensed pesticide applicators between 1993 to 2007. These toxic effects include reproduction and Therefore, people who use pesticides or regularly come in contact with them must understand the relative toxicity, potential health effects, and preventative measures to reduce exposure to the products they use. Since several organochlorine pesticides have been identified as estrogenic and/or anti-androgenic, it is imperative to reassess the existing developmental and reproductive toxicity databases of these chemicals. These chemicals are of ecotoxicological and public health risk concern. effects of chronic low-level exposure to organochlorines.28,29,30,31,32,33,34 These chronic health implications on the endocrine system and nervous system, and carcinogenic potential are discussed in Chapter 21, Chronic Effects. Pesticides: Formulations, Effects, Fate. Chlordane, or chlordan, is an organochlorine compound used as a pesticide.It is a white solid. May interfere with the body’s natural hormones. In the amended US. urine samples daily. The War Related Illness and Injury Study Center provides education to Veterans who may have had deployment related exposures. Differential effects exerted on human mammary epithelial cells by environmentally relevant organochlorine pesticides either individually or in combination Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2009 Manuel Zumbado This fact sheet provides schools with an overview of lead, arsenic, and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in soils at schools in Hawai‘i. The eggs were loaded with high concentrations of p,p’-DDE, p,p’-DDD, and other organochlorine … What this study adds. Since they tend to persist in the environment, they have found there way into sediments and drinking water supplies posing serious health risks. Insecticides 3. This study recruited 142 pregnant mothers in 2011-2012 in Shanghai, China, and … Effects of Residues of Organochlorine Pesticides on Reproductive Endocrinology in Pregnant Women at Delivery Guohong Liui, Kedi Yangi, Xipin Liu2, Qifa Qin3, Shihai Liui, Li Chen4 1. Pesticides. Biochemical and hematological parameters were tested thoroughly for changes as a result of organochlorine residues. Worse, scientists have linked pesticides with several types of cancers, including that of the breast, prostate, brain, bone, thyroid, colon, liver, lung, and more. Some organochlorine compounds may have weak oestrogenic effects and are, therefore, suspected of increasing the risk of breast cancer. Read more > Order hardcopy. Cancer Numerous studies have linked organochlorine pesticide exposures with cancers and other health effects. Researchers investigated and found many health and hormone anomalies in the lake’s predatory reptiles. In this article we will discuss about:- 1. These include crop protection, preservation of food and materials and prevention of vector-borne diseases. These include crop protection, preservation of food and materials and prevention of vector-borne diseases. Agitation, lethargy, or unconsciousness Other signs and symptoms include the following: 1. The dreaded diagnosis of cancer has been linked in over 260 studies worldwide to agrochemicals. BoD – Books on Demand, Jan 21, 2011 - Technology & Engineering - 824 pages. Examples of such compounds are pesticides and organochlorine insecticides (DDT, etc.). SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. … Effects of Pesticides – Cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between PCBs and OCPs exposure with TL in Tehran adult males. Objectives We set out to examine the association between self-reported diabetes and serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides among Mexican … Introduction Organochlorines are the compounds which contain a Adjusted ORs (95% CIs) across quintiles of the sum of three organochlorine pesticides were 1.1, 1.6, 1.5, and 3.4 (1.0–11.7) ( P trend = 0.03). These compounds can be highly Index Terms- Organochlorines Pesticides, Persistent Organic Pollutants, Cotton, environment, health, Benin. Significant experimental, epidemiological, and additional scientific evidence uphold that many commonly used pesticides are immunosuppressive. For example pesticides may be used in the prevention of malaria, which kills up to 1 million children per year, … In the United States, approximately 42,000 cases of pesticide poisoning occur annually. The general class of organochlorine pesticides has been associated with health effects, such as endocrine disorders (10, 52), effects on embryonic development , lipid metabolism , and hematological and hepatic alterations . Within a monitoring study of polychlorinated biphenyls of Danish buildings built during the 1960s and 1970s, w In recent years, new targets have been included between the health outcomes induced by pesticide exposure. Organochlorine pesticides have become ubiquitous contaminants and have been implicated in a wide range of adverse health effects in laboratory animals and humans (Adeyemi et al. The dreaded diagnosis of cancer has been linked in over 260 studies worldwide to agrochemicals. Funding Source Nat'l. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. The Effects of Pesticides on the Immune System CASE REPORT WILLIAM J. REA MD AND HSUEH-CHIA LIANG MD Environmental Health Center-Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA With pesticide use and exposure, and review of pesticides altering the immune system, this article shows data from of Environmental Health Sciences Project number 2P42ES007375-060006 … of Environmental Health Sciences Project number 2P42ES007375-060006 Categories Pesticide Residues Organochlorine poisoning accounts for only a small fraction of pesticide poisoning, but the incidence varies from 1.8% of all poisonings in South Korea to 13.3% in some parts of India. [ 17, 18] A study of contamination in the Brazilian population showed adverse effects on hematopoietic tissue and the liver. [ 19] [2] However, convincing evidence linking reproductive and developmental health effects to organochlorines has emerged from … All the relevant risk factors contributing to breast cancer etiology are not fully known. The natural organochloride epibatidine, an alkaloid isolated from tree frogs, has potent analgesic effects and has stimulated research into new pain medication. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. Acute poisoning was seen in liver, kidney and testis of albino rat due to the toxic effect of dursban and DDT. Background: Limited human data suggest an association of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with adverse effects on children's growth.Objective: We evaluated the associations of OCPs with longitudinally assessed growth among peripubertal boys from a Russian cohort with high … Pesticides are not only used in agricultural fields, but also in homes, parks, schools, buildings, forests, and roads; this is why the menace of incessant use is of great concern. The health effects of pesticides depend on the type of pesticide. Organochlorine compounds (OCs), such as organochlorine pesticides … Keywords: organochlorine pesticides, PM10, PM2.5, polychlorinated biphenyls INTRODUCTION Organochlorine (OC) pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread semivolatile, lipo-philic, and highly persistent environmental pollutants with possible harmful effects on the ecosystem and human health. This page contains information for Veterans on this health condition. Chemical analyses revealed detectable amounts … J. Liesivuori. Tumorigenicity by organochlorine pesticides is seen to be an epigenetic mechanism in a DNA repair assay. Pesticides & Human Health | Californians for Pesticide Reform Lipid adjusted serum levels of 19 Dioxin Like (DL), 17 Non Dioxin Like (NDL) PCBs, 5 OCPs, and measures of complete blood count and routine biochemistry profile were obtained from the NHANES 2003-2004 cycle. The health effects of pesticide exposure can vary based on the specific pesticide and the level of exposure. Potential for human-health effects Many of the wells sampled are used as sources of drinking water (domestic and public­supply wells), but human­health benchmarks were seldom exceed­ ed in groundwater (Figure 3). POPs measured in 1987-88 (year 2) sera included 8 organochlorine (OC) pesticides, 22 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and 1 polybrominated biphenyl (PBB). Organochlorine pesticides are man-made organic chemicals with a history of wide spread use in both the United States and globally. One or more pesticides exceeded a benchmark in ~1% of the 2356 domestic and 364 public­supply wells that were sampled. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined by gas chromatography in 241 placentas from cotton-growing regions, 121 placentas from an urban area (city of Osh), and 146 placentas from unpolluted mountain regions of Kyrgyzstan. Vasilis Androutsopoulos. It is difficult to attach a specific health problem to a certain OCP when there are multiple exposure routes. Structural features ... Health effects on children • ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES (OCPs) Used for agriculture and public health purposes since 1950, though the uses of some have since been severely restricted or banned altogether because of their recognized toxicity to non-target species, including humans. In humans, pesticides poisoning can cause both acute and chronic adverse effects based on the duration of … Some of the more well known ones are aldrin, chlordane, DDT, dieldrin, endosulfan, endrin, and lindane (also known as gamma benzene hexachloride or gamma-HCH). This class comprises a variety of compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine. • May interfere with the body’s natural hormones. Exposure to organochlorine pesticides over a short period may produce convulsions, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, tremors, confusion, muscle weakness, slurred speech, salivation and sweating. Long-term exposure to organochlorine pesticides may damage the liver, kidney, central nervous system, thyroid and bladder. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder that affects approximately 6-10% of women of child-bearing age. Journal of Environmental Science and Health… Anxiety, dizziness, headache, confusion, muscle twitching and tremor. (Beyond Pesticides, June 20, 2011) In a study published this week in the journal Pediatrics, researchers report findings that link mothers’ exposure to organochlorine pesticides during pregnancy with infants’ sizes at birth. Results: All samples had detectable DDT and DDE, with mean levels higher than … May have effects on reproduction, such as decreased fertility. Open Acc J Envi Soi Sci 2(2)-2019. Patients in Andhra Pradesh have reported symptoms of forgetfulness, anxiety, vomiting, headache and back pain, with one epileptic episode. Tumorigenicity by organochlorine pesticides is seen to be an epigenetic mechanism in a DNA repair assay. Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004 studying the relation between organochlorine pesticides and prostate and breast cancers has shown that serum concentrations of b-HCH, trans-nonachlor, and dieldrin were significantly associated with prostate cancer prevalence (Xu et al., 2010). We assessed prospectively the risk of breast cancer in relation to serum concentrations of several organochlorine compounds. The studies don’t prove that pesticides cause depression, but animal testing indicates that it’s possible, said Cheryl Beseler, an environmental health researcher at Colorado State University. Citation: Kiran Raj Awasthi, Mamata Sherpa Awasthi*. In the United States, chlordane was used for termite-treatment of approximately 30 million homes until it was banned in 1988. In this chapter, we emphasize the organochlorine pesticides listed by the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants: aldrin, chlordanes, dieldrin, endrin, The popularity of these insecticides increased after many of the organochlorine insecticides such as DDT, dieldrin, and heptachlor were banned in the 1970s. May affect the developing fetus, possibly leading to later changes in learning and behavior. Long-term exposure to organochlorine pesticides may damage the liver, kidney, central nervous system, Some organochlorine pesticides are very stable compounds … 2011). Few studies have explored the association between pesticide exposure and diabetes. This influences the aquatic Organochlorine (OC) pesticides have been used broadly in China's past, yet very little is known about their atmospheric concentrations and transport. the last century. Regular check of pesticide residues in food and cereal products is being done and whenever in any commodity pesticide residues is beyond MRL then the whole lot is discarded and de- stroyed. Among the pesticides most commonly used are organochlorine pesticides (OCP). Toxicol Sci. Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) may change leukocyte telomere length (TL) at the end of the DNA sequence. POPs have adverse effects on both human health and the environment and their use is regulated globally. Data on other organochlorine compounds are not considered here, because blood levels in humans are less often detectable and fewer human data on health effects are available. Gastrointestinal - Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain 4… Organochlorine pesticides were abundantly used pesticides until the 1960s, whereas PCBs were used since the 1930s on a worldwide scale for various industrial purposes, such as dielectric fluids in electrical capacitors, transformers, and hydraulic systems. Eggs and newborn alligators had higher than normal mortality. Below is a summary of some of the health effects linked to common pesticides. Organochlorine pesticides are now only rarely used in the developed world, and domestic poisonings have become correspondingly more rare. If you worked, lived, or went to school in a building built before the late 1980s, on George AFB, you were probably exposed to unsafe levels of chlordane and other organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Also under investigation are the direct and multi-generational effects on the reproductive success, endocrine function, and sexual differentiation in the largemouth bass, and its association to CHC exposure. The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in sediment of the Niger River exceeded permissible limits; this presents a potential danger for humans, animal health, and the environment. Endocrine and reproductive function in ewes exposed to the organochlorine pesticides lindane or pentachlorophenol.

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